| 英文摘要 |
“Judgment within Narrative” could be one of the most brilliant historical writing styles, which is the reflections of Si-ma Qian woven, and absorbed by the previous ancestors, his own intelligence, family education, and personal experiences. The uniqueness of Si-ma Qian lies on the combination of narrative with judgment in way of fable stories. One thing need to be aware is “Shiji” after all is the historical classics rather than fable stories; as the result, it can not have too many implications as the whole. “Shiji”, however, is written in the specific criteria, and specific chapters; thus, when it comes to its literary features (such as appreciation and taboo), “Shiji” has become the renown ‘Si-ma Qian writing styles’.
Under the specific writing conditions and writing principles of “Judgment within Narrative”, the author confines the historical events at the time of Chin and Han Dynasty, which is from the war of Chu and Han to Han Wu Di. The author also divides the writing styles into two points (i.e. unprejudiced and prejudiced writings), and seven details to analyze. Si-ma Qian holds the neutral spirit to both praise and criticize the ruling of Han Dynasty. In “Judgment within Narrative”, Si-ma Qian not only judges and describes the lords, and current politics, but he also focuses on the discussion of the war between Han and Xiongnu.
As for the disputed and injustice cases on the history, Si-ma Qian regards the belief of investigation and truth as his own job. He further displays the extraordinary sensibility, and neutral insight to project the historical comments and personal interpretations into those elegant narrative lines; “Shiji”, therefore, exploring of virtues and vices, attaching appreciation and depreciation into the historical narrations, which expresses the gentle mercy of poets, and the strict discipline of historians. The superior writing style of “Judgment within Narrative” is inherited by “Han Shu”, which shows on its character biographies; “Judgment within Narrative” has brought great enlightenment for the following historical biographies.
Si-ma Qian holds the truth, virtue, and beauty of historians. In terms of judgment within narrative, he balances the literature tradition with safety in the world. He sticks to the neutral spirit, explores the relationship between celestial phenomena and human occurrences, acquires the changes from the ancient to today, and fulfills the original system of thoughts; which immortally marks “Shiji” on the historic classics.
It is the writing style of “Judgment within Narrative” that we can understand the key element what “Shiji” is so extraordinary. Based on the main articles, the author will have diverse study on how to enlighten the writing style of judgment within narrative: a) discussing inspirational meaning of “Shiji”, which the writing style of judgment within narrative has the impact on “Zuo Zhuan”; b) exploring the writing style of judgment within narrative has enlightened fictions, Chinese drama, poetry, and other historical biographies, such as “Han Shu”, “San Guo Zhi”, “Hou Han Shu”, “Nan Qi Shu”, and so on.
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